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RAIL Act
3/5/2025, 5:08 AM
Summary of Bill HR 971
Additionally, the bill mandates the use of advanced technologies, such as positive train control systems, to monitor and control train movements. It also requires rail carriers to establish communication protocols with emergency responders and local communities in the event of a hazardous materials incident.
Furthermore, the bill calls for increased inspections and oversight by the Federal Railroad Administration to ensure compliance with safety regulations. It also includes provisions for penalties for non-compliance and reporting requirements for hazardous materials incidents. Overall, Bill 119 HR 971 aims to improve the safety of trains transporting hazardous materials and reduce the risk of accidents and incidents that could harm communities and the environment.
Congressional Summary of HR 971
Reducing Accidents In Locomotives Act or the RAIL Act
This bill addresses safety requirements for rail carriers and trains transporting hazardous materials.
Specifically, the Department of Transportation (DOT) must issue safety regulations for trains carrying hazardous materials to require that rail carriers (1) provide state emergency response commissioners with advance notice and information about the hazardous materials; (2) reduce blocked rail crossings; and (3) comply with certain requirements regarding train length and weight specifications, track standards, speed restrictions, and response plans.
DOT must also establish requirements for wayside defect detectors. These are used by railway systems alongside the tracks to detect defects and failures (e.g., wheel bearing failures). Current federal regulations do not require their use, but federal guidance does address their placement and use. Under the bill, DOT must issue regulations establishing requirements for the installation, repair, testing, maintenance, and operation of wayside defect detectors for each rail carrier operating a train carrying hazardous materials.
Further, DOT must update rail car inspection regulations and audit related inspection programs. This includes prohibiting a railroad from limiting the time required for an employee to complete a railcar, locomotive, or brake safety inspection.
The bill also
- increases the maximum fines DOT may impose on rail carriers for violating safety regulations;
- establishes a statutory requirement for freight trains to have at least two crew members, with exceptions;
- phases out certain railroad tank cars by May 1, 2030;
- expands training for local first responders; and
- imposes a new fee on certain rail carriers.
